Radiation protection instrumentation. Dosimetry systems with integrating passive detectors for individual, workplace and environmental monitoring of photon and beta radiation

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1 Scope

This document applies to all kinds of passive dosimetry systems that are used for measuring:

— the personal dose equivalentH_p(10) (for individual whole body monitoring),
— the personal dose equivalentH_p(3) (for individual eye lens monitoring),
— the personal dose equivalentH_p(0,07) (for both individual whole body skin and local skin for extremity monitoring),
— the ambient dose equivalent H*(10) (for workplace and environmental monitoring),
— the directional dose equivalentH'(3) (for workplace and environmental monitoring), or
— the directional dose equivalentH'(0,07) (for workplace and environmental monitoring).

This document applies to dosimetry systems that measure external photon and/or beta radiation in the dose range between 0,01 mSv and 10 Sv and in the energy ranges given in Table 1. All the energy values are mean energies with respect to the fluence. The dosimetry systems usually use electronic devices for the data evaluation and thus are often computer controlled.

Table 1 — Mandatory and maximum energy ranges covered by this document

Measuring quantity	Mandatory mean energy range for photon radiation	Maximum mean energy range for testing photon radiation	Mandatory mean energy range for beta-particle radiationa	Maximum mean energy range for testing beta-particle radiation^a
H _p(10), H*(10)	80 keV to 1,25 MeV^b	12 keV to 7 MeV	—	—
H _p(3), H'(3)	30 keV to 250 keV	8 keV to 7 MeV	0,8 MeV^c	0,7 MeV^c to 1,2 MeV
H _p(0,07), H'(0, 07)	30 keV to 250 keV	8 keV to 1,25 MeV^b	0,24 MeV to 0,8 MeV	0,07 MeV^d to 1,2 MeV^e

^a The following beta radiation sources are suggested for the different mean energies: For 0,06 MeV: ¹⁴⁷Pm; for 0,8 MeV: ⁹⁰Sr/⁹⁰Y; for 1,2 MeV: ¹⁰⁶Ru/¹⁰⁶Rh.

^b 1,25 MeV is the mean energy of photon radiation from ⁶⁰Co.

^c For beta-particle radiation, an energy of 0,7 MeV is required to reach the radiation sensitive layers of the eye lens in a depth of about 3 mm (approximately 3 mm of ICRU tissue).

^d For beta-particle radiation, an energy of 0,07 MeV is required to penetrate the dead layer of skin of 0,07 mm (approximately 0,07 mm of ICRU tissue).

^e 0,07 MeV, 0,8 MeV and 1,2 MeV beta mean energy are almost equivalent to an E_max of 0,225 MeV, 2,27 MeV and 3,54 MeV, respectively.

NOTE 1 In this document, “dose” means dose equivalent, unless otherwise stated.

NOTE 2 For H_p(10) and H*(10) no beta radiation is considered. Reasons:

a) H _p ( 10 ) and H*( 10 ) are a conservative estimate for the effective dose which is not a suitable quantity for beta radiation.
b) No conversion coefficients are available in ICRU 56, ICRU 57 or ISO 6980‑3.

NOTE 3 The maximum energy ranges are the energy limits within which type tests according to this document are possible.

NOTE 4 Direct ion storage (DIS) dosemeters are covered in this document as they are often operated without an online display but a separate reader.

The test methods concerning the design (Clause 8), the instruction manual (Clause 9), the software (Clause 10), environmental influences (Clause 13), electromagnetic influences (Clause 14), mechanical influences (Clause 15), and the documentation (Clause 16) are independent of the type of radiation. Therefore, they can also be applied to other dosimetry systems, e.g. for neutrons, utilizing the corresponding type of radiation for testing.

This document is intended to be applied to dosimetry systems that are capable of evaluating doses in the required quantity and unit (Sv) from readoutsignals in any quantity and unit. The only correction that may be applied to the evaluated dose (indicated value) is the one resulting from natural background radiation using extra dosemeters.

NOTE 5 The correction due to natural background can be made before or after the dose calculation.